CFD Calculators

The Reynolds number is a dimensionless quantity that represents the ratio of inertial forces to viscous forces in a fluid flow. It is a key parameter in fluid mechanics used to predict flow behavior, determining whether it will be laminar, transitional, or turbulent ...

In CFD simulations, specifying turbulence variables at the inlets is often a challenge due to the uncertainty in the exact nature of incoming turbulence. Instead of directly estimating these complex turbulence properties, it is often more practical to use intuitive parameters such as turbulence intensity, turbulence length scale, or eddy viscosity ratio, which can be more easily related to the ...

Non-dimensional numbers are ratios of physical quantities that characterize various aspects of fluid dynamics and heat transfer without depending on the measurement units. These numbers help to describe and compare different physical systems under similar flow conditions. By eliminating units, engineers and scientists can generalize results from one system to another through similarity analysis ...

Numerical modelling of near-wall effects is a challenge in CFD, as boundary layers are the primary source of vorticity and turbulence. Understanding the underlying physics, and how to accurately resolve it through meshing is imperative for reliable simulation results. However, resolving the steep gradients within the viscous sublayer using a very fine mesh can be computationally expensive, especially for large-scale ...